Fast random number generators.
turborand's internal implementations use Wyrand, a simple and fast
generator but not cryptographically secure, and also ChaCha8, a cryptographically
secure generator tuned to 8 rounds of the ChaCha algorithm in order to increase throughput considerably without sacrificing
too much security, as per the recommendations set out in the Too Much Crypto paper.
```rust use turborand::prelude::*;
let rand = Rng::new();
if rand.bool() { println!("Success! :D"); } else { println!("Failure... :("); } ```
Sample a value from a list:
```rust use turborand::prelude::*;
let rand = Rng::new();
let values = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
let value = rand.sample(&values); ```
Generate a vector with random values:
```rust use turborand::prelude::*; use std::iter::repeat_with;
let rand = Rng::new();
let values: Vec<_> = repeat_with(|| rand.f32()).take(10).collect(); ```
no-std Compatibilityturborand can be exposed to no-std environments, however only with reduced capability and feature sets. There'll be no Default implementations, and no new() constructors, so Rng/ChaChaRng seeds must be provided by the user from whatever source available on the platform. Some TurboRand methods will also not be available unless the alloc feature is enabled, which necessitates having a global allocator.
Wyrand is a pretty fast PRNG, and is a good choice when speed is needed while still having decent statistical properties. Currently, the turborand implementation benches extremely well against similar rand algorithms. Below is a chart of the fill_bytes method performance, tested on Windows 10 x64 on an AMD Ryzen 1700 clocked at 3.7Ghz with 32GB RAM at 3066Mhz.
For filling 2048 byte array buffers, turborand's Rng is able to do so in around 170-180ns, whereas SmallRng does it between 260-268ns, and Pcg64Mcg (the fastest PCG impl on 64bit systems) does it in 305-312ns.
For generating unbound u64 values, turborand and fastrand are equal in performance, which is expected given they both implement the Wyrand algorithm, consistently performing around 820-830ps for generating a u64 value. SmallRng performs around 1.16ns, while Pcg64Mcg is at 1.35ns.
Version 0.6 introduces a major reworking of the crate, with code reorganised and also exposed more granularly via features. First things to note:
prelude module. Top level only exports the new traits for turborand.Rng is now split into Rng and AtomicRng, no more top level generics that required exporting internal traits. State trait is now made private and no longer available to be implemented, as this was an internal implementation detail for WyRand.Rng are now implemented in TurboCore, GenCore, SeededCore and TurboRand traits. These are part of the prelude so as long as they are included, all existing methods will work as expected.Rng is now under a feature flag, wyrand. This is enabled by default however, unless default-features = false is applied on the dependency declaration in Cargo.toml.rng!, atomic_rng! macros, as these are no longer needed to manage the generics spam that has since been refactored out. Instead, use ::new(), ::default() or ::with_seed(seed) methods instead.Version 0.7 hasn't changed much except that the internals module is now fully private (so the State traits and CellState/AtomicState structs are no longer public). They are not accessible from the prelude any more. The removal of these from the public API thus constitutes a breaking change, leading to a new major version.
Also, the serialisation format of ChaChaRng has changed, so 0.7 is not compatible with older serialised structs. The plus side is also a flatter serialised format for ChaChaRng. Also, ChaChaRng is no longer backed by a Vec for caching generated entropy, now preferring to use an aligned array for better random number generation at the slight cost of initialisation/cloning performance and increased struct size. This means that the single heap allocation ChaChaRng needed is now reduced to zero.
Version 0.8 seperates the old Clone behaviour into two: standard Clone which maintains the original state and clones it to the new instance as is (and so both old and new equal to each other), and ForkableCore which mutates the state of the original to fork a new instance with a random state generated from the original. Previous usage of .clone() now should make use of .fork() instead. Cloning now should be used where preserving the state of the original to the cloned instance is required.
Version 0.9 introduces no-std compatibility with more granular features as well as minor changes to weighted_sample.
For no-std compatibility, new feature flags have been created. By default, std feature flag is enabled and with fmt providing Debug implementations. Without default features, turborand will expose only methods and implementations that are compatible with no-std environments. alloc is provided as a feature flag for enabling some methods like sample_multiple, which require at least alloc crate support. Traits like Default and methods like new() are only supported in std environments.
For weighted_sample and weighted_sample_mut, the weight_sampler signature has changed from Fn(&T) -> f64 to Fn((&T, usize)) -> f64. The tuple provides not just a reference to the sampled item, but the index as well. There's also a correction to the weighted_sample and weighted_sample_mut lifetimes which should fix some typing issues.
Other minor changes include some removal of unsafe that are no longer necessary with some internal refactors, as well as sample_iter and sample_multiple_iter methods.
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