Mithril-stm

This is a work in progress :hammerandwrench:s

• mithril-stm is a Rust implementation of the scheme described in the paper Mithril: Stake-based Threshold Multisignatures by Pyrros Chaidos and Aggelos Kiayias.
• The BLS12-381 signature library blst is used as the backend for the implementation of STM.
• This implementation supports the trivial concatenation proof system (Section 4.3). Other proof systems such as Bulletproofs or Halo2 are not supported in this version.
• We implemented the concatenation proof system as batch proofs:
  • Individual signatures do not contain the Merkle path to prove membership of the avk. Instead, it is the role of the aggregator to generate such proofs. This allows for a more efficient implementation of batched membership proofs (or batched Merkle paths).

• Protocol documentation is given in Mithril Protocol in depth.

• This library provides:

  • The implementation of the Stake-based Threshold Multisignatures
  • Key registration procedure for STM signatures
  • The tests for the library functions and STM scheme
  • Benchmark tests

Pre-requisites

Install Rust

• Install a correctly configured Rust toolchain (latest stable version).

Download source code

```bash

Download sources from github

git clone https://github.com/input-output-hk/mithril

Go to sources directory

cd mithril-stm ```

Compiling the library

shell cargo build --release

Running the tests

For running rust tests, simply run (to run the tests faster, the use of --release flag is recommended): shell cargo test --release

Running the benches

shell cargo bench

Example

The following is a simple example of the STM implementation:

```rust use mithrilstm::keyreg::KeyReg; use mithrilstm::stm::{StmClerk, StmInitializer, StmParameters, StmSig, StmSigner}; use mithrilstm::AggregationError;

use blake2::{digest::consts::U32, Blake2b}; use rayon::prelude::*; use randchacha::ChaCha20Rng; use randcore::{RngCore, SeedableRng};

type H = Blake2b;

fn main() { let nparties = 32; let mut rng = ChaCha20Rng::fromseed([0u8; 32]); let mut msg = [0u8; 16]; rng.fillbytes(&mut msg);

//////////////////////////
// initialization phase //
//////////////////////////

let params = StmParameters {
    k: 357,
    m: 2642,
    phi_f: 0.2,
};

let parties = (0..nparties)
    .into_iter()
    .map(|_| 1 + (rng.next_u64() % 9999))
    .collect::<Vec<_>>();

let mut key_reg = KeyReg::init();

let mut ps: Vec<StmInitializer> = Vec::with_capacity(nparties as usize);
for stake in parties {
    let p = StmInitializer::setup(params, stake, &mut rng);
    key_reg.register(stake, p.verification_key()).unwrap();
    ps.push(p);
}

let closed_reg = key_reg.close();

let ps = ps
    .into_par_iter()
    .map(|p| p.new_signer(closed_reg.clone()).unwrap())
    .collect::<Vec<StmSigner<H>>>();

/////////////////////
// operation phase //
/////////////////////

let sigs = ps
    .par_iter()
    .filter_map(|p| p.sign(&msg))
    .collect::<Vec<StmSig>>();

let clerk = StmClerk::from_signer(&ps[0]);
let avk = clerk.compute_avk();

// Check all parties can verify every sig
for s in sigs.iter() {
    assert!(s.verify(&params, &avk, &msg).is_ok(), "Verification failed");
}

// Aggregate with random parties
let msig = clerk.aggregate(&sigs, &msg);

match msig {
    Ok(aggr) => {
        println!("Aggregate ok");
        assert!(aggr.verify(&msg, &clerk.compute_avk(), &params).is_ok());
    }
    Err(AggregationError::NotEnoughSignatures(n, k)) => {
        println!("Not enough signatures");
        assert!(n < params.k && k == params.k)
    }
    Err(AggregationError::UsizeConversionInvalid) => {
        println!("Invalid usize conversion");
    }
}

} ```

Benchmarks

Here we give the benchmark results of STM for size and time. We run the benchmarks on macOS 12.6 on an Apple M1 Pro machine with 16 GB of RAM.

Note that the size of an individual signature with one valid index is 176 bytes and increases linearly in the length of valid indices (where an index is 8 bytes).

shell +----------------------+ | Size of benchmarks | +----------------------+ | Results obtained by using the parameters suggested by the paper. +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | Aggregate signatures | +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | Hash: Blake2b 512 | +----------------------+ k = 445 | m = 2728 | nr parties = 3000; 118760 bytes +----------------------+ | Hash: Blake2b 256 | +----------------------+ k = 445 | m = 2728 | nr parties = 3000; 99384 bytes +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | Aggregate signatures | +----------------------+ | Hash: Blake2b 512 | +----------------------+ k = 554 | m = 3597 | nr parties = 3000; 133936 bytes +----------------------+ | Hash: Blake2b 256 | +----------------------+ k = 554 | m = 3597 | nr parties = 3000; 113728 bytes

```shell STM/Blake2b/Key registration/k: 25, m: 150, nrparties: 300 time: [409.70 ms 426.81 ms 446.30 ms] STM/Blake2b/Play all lotteries/k: 25, m: 150, nrparties: 300 time: [696.58 µs 697.62 µs 698.75 µs] STM/Blake2b/Aggregation/k: 25, m: 150, nrparties: 300 time: [18.765 ms 18.775 ms 18.785 ms] STM/Blake2b/Verification/k: 25, m: 150, nrparties: 300 time: [2.1577 ms 2.1715 ms 2.1915 ms]

STM/Blake2b/Key registration/k: 250, m: 1523, nrparties: 2000 time: [2.5807 s 2.5880 s 2.5961 s] STM/Blake2b/Play all lotteries/k: 250, m: 1523, nrparties: 2000 time: [5.9318 ms 5.9447 ms 5.9582 ms] STM/Blake2b/Aggregation/k: 250, m: 1523, nrparties: 2000 time: [190.81 ms 191.15 ms 191.54 ms] STM/Blake2b/Verification/k: 250, m: 1523, nrparties: 2000 time: [13.944 ms 14.010 ms 14.077 ms] ```