error_gen

A crate to generate boilerplate code necessary for fully qualified errors in Rust.

Motivation

Imagine a complex method with multiple possible failures, like parsing an external resource. You need to - receive the resource from an external server - parse the resource to a domain object - read a necessary value and check if it is valid

A typical approach to this task is to create an error for every single operation, like so ``` rust struct NetworkError { pub response_code: usize }

struct ParseError { pub line: usize }

struct InvalidValueError(pub f32) ```

To create an error for the complex operation, an enum is created with its variants holding the single error values, like so

rust enum ComplexError { Network(NetworkError), Parsing(ParseError), InvalidValue(InvalidValueError) }

And the final method would look like this rust fn complex_function() -> Result<f32, ComplexError> { let file = receive_file()?; // maybe a NetworkError let the_object = parse_file(file)?; // maybe a ParseError let value = check_and_get_value(the_object)?; // maybe an InvalidValueError value }

The problem: If we want a fully qualified error, every of our errors should implement the std::error::Error trait, which in turn requires std::fmt::Debug and std::fmt::Display. 'Debug' can be derived, but 'Error' and 'Display' must be implemented manually. Also, to use the question mark operator like above, we need three extra std::convert::From implementations for 'ComplexError'.

In total, 11 additional impl-blocks (4 Error, 4 Display, 3 From) are required to model this (still quite simple) example. There are solutions to this problem, like the 'quick_error' crate, but I wanted a more elegant way to generate this boilerplate code. Being used to codegen-libraries like lombok for Java, I wanted to create something similar, resulting in the 'error' attribute.

Usage

A more detailed description on how to use this attribute in general is documented on the attribute itself. For now, I just show how to use it on the former example.

To use our 'complex_method' like shown, add the 'error' attribute like so

``` rust

[error(message = "The external server returned code {self.response_code} instead of 200.")]

struct NetworkError { pub response_code: usize }

[error(message = "Syntax error in line {self.line}.")]

struct ParseError { pub line: usize }

[error(message = "Invalid value, expected '42' but got {self.0}.")]

struct InvalidValueError(pub f32)

[error(impl_from)]

enum ComplexError { #[error(message = "Error while receiving the external file: {0}")] Network(NetworkError), #[error(message = "Error while parsing the file: {0}")] Parsing(ParseError), #[error(message = "Error while retreiving the value: {_0}")] InvalidValue(InvalidValueError) }

fn complexfunction() -> Result { let file = receivefile()?; let theobject = parsefile(file)?; let value = checkandgetvalue(theobject)?; value } ```

This will create any required implementation (Error, Display, From) with much less code.

Downsides

Future plans