Semantic version parsing and comparison.
Semantic versioning (see https://semver.org/) is a set of rules for assigning version numbers.
Rust itself follows the SemVer specification, as does its standard libraries. The two are not tied together.
Cargo, Rust's package manager, uses SemVer to determine which versions of packages you need installed.
To use semver, add this to your [dependencies] section:
toml
semver = "0.9.0"
And this to your crate root:
rust
extern crate semver;
At its simplest, the semver crate allows you to construct Version objects using the parse
method:
```rust use semver::Version;
assert!(Version::parse("1.2.3") == Ok(Version { major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, pre: vec!(), build: vec!(), })); ```
If you have multiple Versions, you can use the usual comparison operators to compare them:
```rust use semver::Version;
assert!(Version::parse("1.2.3-alpha") != Version::parse("1.2.3-beta")); assert!(Version::parse("1.2.3-alpha2") > Version::parse("1.2.0")); ```
The semver crate also provides the ability to compare requirements, which are more complex
comparisons.
For example, creating a requirement that only matches versions greater than or equal to 1.0.0:
```rust use semver::Version; use semver::VersionReq;
let r = VersionReq::parse(">= 1.0.0").unwrap(); let v = Version::parse("1.0.0").unwrap();
assert!(r.tostring() == ">= 1.0.0".tostring()); assert!(r.matches(&v)) ```
It also allows parsing of ~x.y.z and ^x.y.z requirements as defined at
https://www.npmjs.org/doc/misc/semver.html
Tilde requirements specify a minimal version with some updates:
notrust
~1.2.3 := >=1.2.3 <1.3.0
~1.2 := >=1.2.0 <1.3.0
~1 := >=1.0.0 <2.0.0
Caret requirements allow SemVer compatible updates to a specified version,
0.x and 0.x+1 are not considered compatible, but 1.x and 1.x+1 are.
0.0.x is not considered compatible with any other version.
Missing minor and patch versions are desugared to 0 but allow flexibility for that value.
notrust
^1.2.3 := >=1.2.3 <2.0.0
^0.2.3 := >=0.2.3 <0.3.0
^0.0.3 := >=0.0.3 <0.0.4
^0.0 := >=0.0.0 <0.1.0
^0 := >=0.0.0 <1.0.0